{"topic_id":"companion_breed_standard_tornjak_dog","category":"companion-breed-standard","context":"---\ntopic_id: companion_breed_standard_tornjak_dog\ncategory: companion-breed-standard\ntitle: \"Tornjak — breed standard (FCI: size, coat, temperament, type)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"FCI breed-standard derived fact summary (paraphrased per COPYRIGHT_POLICY § 3; numbers and proper nouns preserved).\nsource_file: pdf-raw/breed-standard/tornjak_combined.txt\ndate_parsed: 2026-08-02\ntokens_estimated: 0\nverification:\n  method: paraphrase\n  claims: 7\n  passed: 7\n  date: 2026-08-05\nrecovered: false\npath: companion-breed-standard/companion_breed_standard_tornjak_dog/01_companion_breed_standard_tornjak_dog.md\nsource_document: \"FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale)\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale)\"\n  title: \"Tornjak — breed standard (FCI: size, coat, temperament, type)\"\n  url: \"https://www.fci.be\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-08-02\"\n  ref: \"Official breed standards (factual data points + section outline extracted verbatim)\"\n  doc_type: \"official kennel-club breed standards\"\n  needs_review: false\nlicense: paraphrase\ncopyright_note: \"Sources (FCI breed-standard texts) are not openly licensed; per COPYRIGHT_POLICY § 3 every claim is a paraphrased derived fact summary (numbers and proper nouns preserved, sentences rewritten), not a verbatim quotation.\"\nlicense: paraphrase\ncopyright_note: \"Sources (FCI breed-standard texts) are not openly licensed; per COPYRIGHT_POLICY § 3 every claim is a paraphrased derived fact summary (numbers and proper nouns preserved, sentences rewritten), not a verbatim quotation.\"\nauthority_tier: T1\nauthority_tier_basis: \"T1:kennel-club-breed-standard\"\nauthority_tier_date: 2026-08-05\n---\n\n# Tornjak — breed standard (FCI: size, coat, temperament, type)\n\n## Claims\n\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* The breed's country of origin is Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Its FCI use is herding and guarding livestock and acting as a farmyard watch dog.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* FCI places it in Group 2 (Pinschers and Schnauzers, Molossoid and Swiss Mountain/Cattle Dogs), Section 2.2 (Mountain type), without working trial.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Height at the withers is 65–70 cm for males and 60–65 cm for females, with a tolerance of ±2 cm; the body is almost square.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* The coat is long and thick, with short hair on the face and legs, a coarse straight topcoat, a neck mane, breeches and feathering, plus a dense woolly winter undercoat.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Colour is parti-coloured with clear markings; the dominant ground is usually white, often with a black mantle and white markings, though nearly white dogs with small markings also occur.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Temperament is steady, friendly, courageous, obedient, intelligent, dignified and self-confident; the dog guards fiercely, is wary of strangers yet devoted and calm at home, and is easy to train.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Any departure from the standard is a fault, graded by severity; listed faults include too fine or heavy bone, faulty ears, a pincer bite, missing teeth, a long or roached back, faulty angulation and weak feet.\n- *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* Disqualifications: aggressive or overly shy dogs and any dog with clear physical or behavioural abnormality; also lack of type, wrong sexual type, eye anomalies (wall eyes, mismatched colour), entropion or ectropion, overshot/undershot mouth, missing teeth beyond those noted as faults, hair too short or no undercoat, kinked or absent tail, solid-coloured dogs, albinism, untypical colour distribution, straying outside the height limits (tolerance included), and evidence of cosmetic or surgical treatment.\n","sources":["companion-breed-standard — Tornjak — breed standard (FCI: size, coat, temperament, type) (retrieved 2026-08-02)"],"source":{"authority":"companion-breed-standard","title":"Tornjak — breed standard (FCI: size, coat, temperament, type)","url":"https://www.fci.be","retrieved":"2026-08-02","ref":"","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale)","verification_file":"pdf-raw/breed-standard/tornjak_combined.txt"},"source_document":"FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale)","source_file":"pdf-raw/breed-standard/tornjak_combined.txt","trust":{"authority_tier":"T1","fidelity":"paraphrase","license":"paraphrase","display_grade":"C"},"tokens_estimated":665,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}