--- license: permission_granted topic_id: companion_breed_health_english_cocker_spaniel_omia4333_dog category: companion-breed-health title: "English Cocker Spaniel — Coat colour, ticked (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" lang: en source: "OMIA (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals, University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; C1 substring-verified. Pulled 2026-08-02 from local OMIA database dump." source_file: pdf-raw/breed-health/english_cocker_spaniel_omia4333_4333.txt date_parsed: 2026-08-02 tokens_estimated: 327 verification: method: substring_match claims: 5 passed: 5 date: 2026-08-02 recovered: false path: companion-breed-health/companion_breed_health_english_cocker_spaniel_omia4333_dog/01_companion_breed_health_english_cocker_spaniel_omia4333_dog.md source_document: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" citation: authority: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" title: "English Cocker Spaniel — Coat colour, ticked (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" url: "https://omia.org/OMIA002264/9615/" retrieved: "2026-08-02" ref: "OMIA breed-specific hereditary-disorder records (omia.org), derived from local OMIA database dump; dataset: https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70" doc_type: "academic animal-genetics database (breed-specific disorder entries)" needs_review: false
English Cocker Spaniel — Coat colour, ticked (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)
Source: first-hand OMIA (University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; every claim below is a C1 byte-substring of it.
Claims
Breed: English Cocker Spaniel (Dog)Disorder:Mode of inheritance: Based on an analysis of coat-colour inheritance in more than 2,000 dogs in his Bar Harbor colony and on data collected on around 20,000 dogs from thousands of breeders, Little (1953) proposed a ticked locus with two alleles, the dominant T (ticked) allele and the recessive t allele for non-ticked. Little (1957) discussed evidence for this locus.Summary: Brancalion et al. (2021): “ticked” and “roan” . . . both describe the presence of flecks of color that vary in distribution and intensity within otherwise “clear” white markings. The appearance of the pigment in the white patterning caused by ticking and roaning intensifies in the weeks after birth. . . . Colloquially, ticked is regarded as the appearance of pigmented spots in white areas of the body. Pigmented spots from ticking range in size from only a few hairs to coin-sized and are most dense on the muzzle and legs . . . . In contrast, pigmentation in the white patterning associated with roan is a mixture of pigmented and white hairs throughout the areas of the coat that would otherwise be white (Little 1953), with the phenotype dispersed relatively evenly across the body.Defect: no
Associated gene(s)
Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.
- Gene: Entrez Gene ID 388253552 (no symbol in OMIA GeneSynonym) — OMIA Phene_Gene
Evidence (references)
Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.
- 1957. The Inheritance of Coat Color in Dogs. Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
- 1953. An analysis of coat-color inheritance in the dog (abstract only). Science — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
- 2021. Roan, ticked and clear coat patterns in the canine are associated with three haplotypes near usherin on CFA38. Anim Genet — PubMed:PMID33539602 | DOI:10.1111/age.13040 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
- 2022. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet — PubMed:PMID34751460 | DOI:10.1111/age.13154 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
- 2022. Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review. Anim Genet — PubMed:PMID35510419 | DOI:10.1111/age.13185 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."